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Chapter 5: Gases and Introduction to Gas Laws

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to explain:

  • Gas Pressure.
  • Relating Pressure, Volume, Amount, and Temperature.
  • Stoichiometry of Gaseous Substances, and Mixtures.
  • The Kinetic-Molecular Theory
A photograph shows about twenty colorful hot air balloons at varying stages of inflation. Some are deflated, while others are inflated. Three of the balloons are off the ground and are visible against a bright blue sky.
The hot air inside these balloons is less dense than the surrounding cool air. This results in a buoyant force that causes the balloons to rise when their guy lines are untied. (credit: modification of work by Anthony Quintano)

We are surrounded by an ocean of gas—the atmosphere—and many of the properties of gases are familiar to us from our daily activities. Heated gases expand, which can make a hot air balloon rise or cause a blowout in a bicycle tire left in the sun on a hot day. Gases have played an important part in the development of chemistry. In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, many scientists investigated gas behavior, providing the first mathematical descriptions of the behavior of matter.

In this chapter, we will examine the relationships between gas temperature, pressure, amount, and volume.

License and attributions:

  • Chemistry: Atoms first, Second edition, 2019, Flowers, P. et al. License: CC BY 4.0. Located at https://openstax.org/books/chemistry-atoms-first-2e/pages/8-introduction

License

Icon for the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License

BIO130: Introduction to Physiology Copyright © 2024 by Dinor Dhanabala; Sandra Fraley; and Gordon Lake is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted.

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